Medium response to shear stress and quantified as proportionality between shear stress $\begin{array}{l}\tau_{xy}\end{array}$ and shear strain $\begin{array}{l}\epsilon_{xy}\end{array}$ in a certain plane $\begin{array}{l}\{ xy \}\end{array}$ :

(1)	$\begin{array}{l}\displaystyle G = \frac{\tau_{xy}}{\epsilon_{xy}}\end{array}$

For isotropic materials it is related to Young modulus (E) and Poisson's ratio (ν) as:

(2)	$\begin{array}{l}\displaystyle G = \frac{E}{3 \, (2 + \nu)}\end{array}$

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Shear modulus = G

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