The thermodynamic equilibrium of the reservoir fluids may end up with the pressure difference between fluid phases (called capillary pressure) due to difference in fluids interaction with rocks:
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where
Some engineering applications make fair use of the concept of Average phase pressure p:
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See also
Natural Science / Physics / Fluid Dynamics / Percolation
[ Capillary pressure ] [ Average phase pressure ] [ Oil phase pressure ][ Gas phase pressure ][ Water phase pressure ]