The general form of non-linear 
single-phase pressure diffusion @model with the finite number of sources/sinks is given by: 



\phi \cdot c_t \cdot \partial_t p -   \nabla  {\bf u}  
- c \cdot ( {\bf u} \, \nabla p)
= \sum_k q_k(t) \cdot \delta({\bf r}-{\bf r}_k)



{\bf u} = M \cdot ( \nabla p - \rho \, {\bf g})


where

time

position vector

position vector of the -th source

reservoir pressure

fluid density as function of reservoir pressure

effective porosity 

total compressibility

gravity vector

Dirac Delta Function

volumetric flowrate of the -th source

phase mobility

formation permeability to a given fluid

dynamic viscosity of a given  fluid




Derivation of Single-phase pressure diffusion @model



The alternative form is:

\phi \cdot c_t \cdot \mu \cdot \partial_t \Psi -   
 \nabla \cdot \left( k \cdot  \Big( \vec \nabla \Psi  - \frac{\rho^2}{\mu}  \, {\bf g} \Big)  \right) 
  = \sum_k q({\bf r}) \cdot \delta({\bf r}-{\bf r}_k)

where

Pseudo-Pressure

dynamic fluid viscosity

fluid compressibility factor




Derivation of Single-phase pseudo-pressure diffusion @model



Physical models of pressure diffusion can be split into two categories: Newtonian and Rheological (non-Newtonian) based on the fluid stress model.

Mathematical models of pressure diffusion can be split into three categories: LinearPseudo-linear and Non-linear

These models are built using Numerical, Analytical or Hybrid pressure diffusion solvers.

Many popular 1DR solutions can be approximated by Radial Flow Pressure Diffusion @model which has a big methodological value.


The simplest analytical solutions for pressure diffusion are given by 1DL Linear-Drive Solution (LDS) and 1DR Line Source Solution (LSS)


The table below shows a list of popular well and reservoir pressure diffusion models.


Wellbore storage modelWell modelReservoir modelBoundary model
ConstantSkin-factorHomogeneousInfinite
FairVertical wellDual-porosityCircle No Flow
Rate-dependant

Fractured vertical well

Dual-permeabilityCircle Constant Pi

Limited entry wellAnisotropic reservoirSingle fault

Horizontal wellMulti-layer reservoirParallel faults

Slanted wellLinear-compositeIntersecting Faults

Multifrac horizontal well

Radial-composite


See also


Physics / Mechanics / Continuum mechanics / Fluid Mechanics / Fluid Dynamics / Pressure Diffusion / Pressure Diffusion @model