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For incompressible fluids (water and most types of oil) the expansion factor is
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For compressible fluids (condensate, steam and gases) the expansion factor is
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The most popular engineering correlation covering various tapping arrangements is given by ISO5167:
&11 =1-(0.41+0.35~ )-.
isentropic exponent
See also
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Physics / Fluid Dynamics / Pipe Flow Dynamics / Pipe Flow Simulation (PFS) / Pipeline Choke @model
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