Motivation

Outputs

$\begin{array}{l}p(l)\end{array}$	Pressure distribution along the pipe
$\begin{array}{l}q(l)\end{array}$	Flowrate distribution along the pipe
$\begin{array}{l}u(l)\end{array}$	Flow velocity distribution along the pipe

Inputs

$\begin{array}{l}T_0\end{array}$	Intake temperature	$\begin{array}{l}T(l)\end{array}$	Along-pipe temperature profile
$\begin{array}{l}p_0\end{array}$	Intake pressure	$\begin{array}{l}\rho(T, p)\end{array}$	Fluid density
$\begin{array}{l}q_0\end{array}$	Intake flowrate	$\begin{array}{l}\mu(T, p)\end{array}$	Fluid viscosity
$\begin{array}{l}z(l)\end{array}$	Pipeline trajectory TVDss	$\begin{array}{l}A\end{array}$	Pipe cross-section area
$\begin{array}{l}\theta\end{array}$	Pipeline trajectory inclination, $\begin{array}{l}\displaystyle \cos \theta = \frac{dz}{dl} = \rm const\end{array}$	$\begin{array}{l}\epsilon\end{array}$	Inner pipe wall roughness

Stationary flow	Homogenous flow	Isothermal or Quasi-isothermal conditions	Constant cross-section pipe area $\begin{array}{l}A\end{array}$ along hole
$\begin{array}{l}\theta (l) = \theta = \rm const\end{array}$	$\begin{array}{l}f(l) = f = \rm const\end{array}$	$\begin{array}{l}\rho = \rho^* \cdot ( 1 + c^* \cdot p)\end{array}$

Pressure profile along the pipe

(1)	$\begin{array}{l}\displaystyle L = \frac{1}{2 \, G \, c^* \rho^*} \cdot \ln \frac{G \, \rho^2-F}{G \, \rho_0^2-F} -\frac{d}{f} \cdot \ln \frac{F/\rho^2 - G}{ F/\rho_0^2-G}\end{array}$

(2)	$\begin{array}{l}\displaystyle \cos \theta \neq 0\end{array}$

(3)	$\begin{array}{l}\displaystyle L = \frac{1}{2F\, c^* \rho^*} \cdot (\rho_0^2 - \rho^2) - \frac{2d}{f} \cdot \ln \frac{\rho_0}{\rho}\end{array}$

(4)	$\begin{array}{l}\displaystyle \cos \theta = 0\end{array}$

where

$\begin{array}{l}\displaystyle j_m = \frac{ \dot m }{ A}\end{array}$	mass flux
$\begin{array}{l}\displaystyle \dot m = \frac{dm }{ dt}\end{array}$	mass flowrate
$\begin{array}{l}\displaystyle q_0 = \frac{dV_0}{dt} = \frac{ \dot m }{ \rho_0}\end{array}$	Intake volumetric flowrate
$\begin{array}{l}\rho_0 = \rho(T_0, p_0)\end{array}$	Intake fluid density
$\begin{array}{l}\Delta z(l) = z(l)-z(0)\end{array}$	elevation drop along pipe trajectory
$\begin{array}{l}f = f({\rm Re}(T,\rho), \, \epsilon) = \rm const\end{array}$	Darcy friction factor
$\begin{array}{l}\displaystyle {\rm Re}(T,\rho) =\frac{j_m \cdot d}{\mu(T,\rho)}\end{array}$	Reynolds number in Pipe Flow
$\begin{array}{l}\mu(T,\rho)\end{array}$	dynamic viscosity as function of fluid temperature $\begin{array}{l}T\end{array}$ and density $\begin{array}{l}\rho\end{array}$
$\begin{array}{l}\displaystyle d = \sqrt{ \frac{4 A}{\pi}} = \rm const\end{array}$	characteristic linear dimension of the pipe (or exactly a pipe diameter in case of a circular pipe)
$\begin{array}{l}G = g \, \cos \theta = \rm const\end{array}$	gravity acceleration along pipe
$\begin{array}{l}F = j_m^2 \cdot f/(2d) = F(l) = \rm const\end{array}$

Derivation

The equation (3) for horizontal pipelines can be re-written explicitly in terms of pressure:

(5)	$\begin{array}{l}\displaystyle \frac{fL}{2d} = (\rho^/j_m^2) \cdot (p_0-p) \cdot (1+ 0.5 \, c^ \cdot (p+p_0)) - \ln \frac{1+c^* \cdot p_0}{1+c^* \cdot p}\end{array}$