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Alternative forms
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| \frac{dp}{dl} = \left( \frac{dp}{dl} \right)_G + \left( \frac{dp}{dl} \right)_K + \left( \frac{dp}{dl} \right)_f |
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mathblockwhere
anchorPP | body | --uriencoded--\displaystyle |
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alignment | left |
\rho(p) - j_m^2 \cdot c(p) \right) \cdot \frac{dp}{dl} = \rho^2(p) \, g \, \cos \theta(l) - \frac{ j_m^2 }{2 d} \cdot f(p) ...
\frac%7Bdp%7D%7Bdl%7D \right)_G = \rho \cdot g \cdot \cos \theta |
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| gravity losses which represent pressure losses for upward flow and pressure gain for downward flow |
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body | --uriencoded--\displaystyle \left( \frac%7Bdp%7D%7Bdl%7D \right)_ |
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Ggravity lossesK = u%5e2 \cdot \frac%7Bd \rho%7D%7Bdl%7D |
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| kinematic losses, which grow contribution at high velocities
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--uriencoded--\displaystyle \left( \frac%7Bdp%7D%7Bdl%7D \right)_K | kinematic losses and high fluid compressibility (like turbulent gas flow) |
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body | --uriencoded--\displaystyle \left( \frac%7Bdp%7D%7Bdl%7D \right)_f = - \frac%7B j_m%5e2%7D%7B2 d%7D \cdot \frac%7Bf%7D%7B\rho%7D |
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| friction losses which are always negative along the flow direction |
Approximations
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