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The along-hole variation Darcy friction factor is usually not exceeding 10 % but the contribution of the friction-based pressure loss to the gravity-based pressure build up in vertical and slanted wells is very minor (few percents only) which makes constant friction factor assumption become quite relevant.
The absolute value is staying between
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For complex well designs with varying pipe flow diameters and water source/stocks which may lead to substantial variation of flowrate the wellbore model can be split in segments each having a constant friction factor.
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