A ratio between real mass flow actual volumetric flowrate through the orifice and ideal theoretical estimation:
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where
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q_{\rm ideal}=\frac{\pi d^2}{4} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1 \cdot \Delta p}{\rho \cdot (1-\beta^4)}} |
and
The deviation from ideal estimation
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arise from fluid friction with choke elements and possible flow turbulence.
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C_d = \frac{d_D}{d} + 0.3167 \cdot \left( \frac{d}{d_D} \right)^{0.6} + 0.025 \cdot \big [ \log {\rm Re} - 4 \big ] |
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