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Empirical equation, which relates the head loss, or pressure loss

LaTeX Math Inline
body\displaystyle \frac{dp}{dl}
  along pipeline (also called head loss), due to friction along a the pipe length trajectory to the average velocity 
LaTeX Math Inline
bodyu
of the fluid flow for an incompressible fluid flow:

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anchorgradP
alignmentleft
\frac{dp}{dl} =  - \frac{ f \, \rho \, u^2 \, }{2 d}

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LaTeX Math Inline
bodyf

Darcy friction factor

LaTeX Math Inline
body\rho

fluid density

LaTeX Math Inline
bodyd

pipe diameter

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