@wikipediaA popular mechanism
One of measuring the discounted value of the future cash benefitsthe efficiency metrics of Financial Investment defined as a difference between total DCF and Initial Investment
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| body | --uriencoded--\mbox%7BI%7D_0 |
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:
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\mbox{NPV} = R_0 + \mbox{DCF} - \mbox{DCFI}_0 = R - \mbox{I}_0 + \sum_{i=1}^n \frac{R_i}{(1+r)^i} = \sum_{i=0}^n \frac{R_i}{(1+r)^i} |
where
| total number of time steps (usually time step is one year) accounting periods |
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| running number of accounting period (usually 1 yeartime passed since the first investment ( assuming that ) |
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| discount rate |
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| body | R_i = \rm CashIn_i - \rm CashOut_i |
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| the net cash flow at time step |
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| body | R_0 = - \rm Initial \ Investments = - CashOut_0 |
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| the volume of cash investment at initial time moment |
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Usually
, where and is number of years past.
The main idea of NPV is that value of cash today is higher than value of cash tomorrow because immediate cash can be invested readily available investment market opportunities and start brining some profit.
NPV dictates that commercial project should not only be just profitable but instead should be on par with or more profitable than easily available investment alternatives.
The corporate investment policy usually dictates that:
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- Investment Projects with negative NPV should be rejected
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- Investment Projects with higher NPV should have a financing priority over the projects with lower NPV
See also
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Economics
[ Profitability Index (PI) ] [ Discounted Cash Flows (DCF) ] [ Internal Rate of Return (IRR) ]
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