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PRIME Mathematics

PRIME Diagnostics

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titlePRIME Metrics
Metric nameDiagnostic plotsObjectives
1Production History Map

Background = Structure

Bubbles = qo, qg , qw, qinj

Number = CurVRR, Pe

Production Distribution Overview
2Recovery Map

Background = STOIIP

Bubbles = Qo, Qg , Qw, Qinj

Number = CumVRR, Pe

Recovery Distribution Overview
3Cross-section

Background = STOIIP & Structure

Bubbles = VRR

Number = Pe , Pem

Vertical Flow Proifle Overview
3Production History Graphs

Left Axis = qo, qg , qw, qinj,

Rigth Axis = Yw, GOR, Pe , Np, Ninj

Hor Axis = Elapsed Time

Production History Overview
4

Decline Curve Analysis

Left Axis = qo1, qliq1, qinj1,

Rigth Axis = Yw, GOR, VRR, Pe

Hor Axis = Elapsed Time

Production Forecast
5Recovery Diagnostic

Left Axis = qo1, qliq1, qinj1

Rigth Axis =Yw, GOR, VRR, Pe, Pem

Hor Axis = RF

Estimate recovery efficiency and pressure decline
6Watercut Diagnostic

Left Axis = Yw, Ywm

Hor Axis = qliq

Check for water balance and thief water production
7GOR Diagnostic

Left Axis = GOR, GORgm

Hor Axis =qo

Check for gas balance and thief gas production
8

Injection Efficiency Diagnostics

Left Axis = PIR , PIRm

Hor Axis = Yw

Evaluate WI efficiency
9Well Performance Analysis

Left Axis = Pwf_IPR , Pwf_VLP

Hor Axis = qo

Check for the optimal production/injection target
10

Productivity Index Diagnostic

Left Axis = JPI, JPIm

Hor Axis = dP = Pwf - Pe

Check for PI dynamics
Expand
titlePRIME Mathematics
Property AbbrevyProperty NameFormula
VRRcum

Cumulative Voidage Replacement Ratio

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{\rm VRR_{cum}} = \frac{B_w \, Q_{WI}}{B_w \, Q_W + B_o \, Q_O + B_g Q_G - B_g R_s Q_O}
VRRcur

Current Voidage Replacement Ratio

(month over month)

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{\rm VRR_{cur}} = \frac{B_w \, q_{WI}}{B_w \, q_W + B_o \, q_O + B_g (q_G - R_s Q_O)}
RF

Recovery Factor

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{\rm RF} = \frac{Q_O}{V_{STOIIP}}
Yw

Watercut (production)

LaTeX Math Block
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{\rm Y_w} = \frac{q_W}{q_{LIQ}}
YwmWatercut (proxy-model)
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{\rm Y_{wm}} = \frac{1}{1 + \frac{K_{ro}}{K_{rw}} \cdot \frac{ \mu_w}{\mu_o}  \cdot \frac{B_w}{B_o} }
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s_w = s_{wi} + (1-s_{wi}-s_{or}) \cdot \rm RF
GORGas-Oil Ratio (production)
LaTeX Math Block
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{\rm GOR} = \frac{q_g}{q_o}
GOR_mGas-Oil Ratio (proxy-model)
LaTeX Math Block
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{\rm GOR_m} = R_s +  \frac{k_{rg}}{k_{ro}} 
\cdot \frac{\mu_o}{\mu_g} 
\cdot \frac{B_o }{B_g}
qLIQLiquid rate
LaTeX Math Block
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q_{LIQ} = q_O + q_W

PIR

Production Injection Ratio (production)

LaTeX Math Block
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{\rm PIR} = \frac{Q_O}{Q_{WI}}
PIRmProduction Injection Ratio (model)
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{\rm PIR_m} = { \frac{1}{VRR} } \cdot { \frac{1-Y_w}{ Y_w + (1-Y_w) \bigg[ \frac{B_o}{B_w} - \frac{B_g}{B_w}(GOR - R_s) \bigg] } }
JOOil Productivity Index
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{\rm J_{O}} = \frac{q_O}{P_e - P_{wf}} {\quad \Rightarrow \quad} P_{wf} = P_e - \frac{1}{J_O} q_O

JPI

Total Productivity Index (production)

LaTeX Math Block
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{\rm J_t} = \frac{q_t}{P_e - P_{wf}}
JPImTotal Productivity Index (model)
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{\rm J_{tm} } = \frac{2 \pi \sigma}{\ln \frac{r_e}{r_w} +0.5 + S} 
jPITotal Specific Productivity Index
LaTeX Math Block
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{\rm j_t} = \frac{q_t}{h \cdot (P_e - P_{wf})}
jPImTotal Specific Productivity Index (model)
LaTeX Math Block
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{\rm j_{tm} } = \frac{2 \pi <k/\mu>}{\ln \frac{r_e}{r_w} +0.5 + S} 
Expand
titleDerivation of PIR equation
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VRR = \frac{B_w \, q_{WI}}{B_w \, q_W + B_o \, q_O + B_g \, [ q_G - R_s \, q_O] } =  \frac{B_w \, q_{WI}}{B_w \, q_W + B_o \, q_O + B_g \, [ GOR - R_s] q_O } = \frac{B_w \, q_{WI}}{B_w \, q_W + [ B_o  + B_g \, ( GOR - R_s) ] \, q_O }
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VRR = \frac{q_{WI}}{q_W + \bigg[ \frac{B_o}{B_w}  + \frac{B_g}{B_w} \, ( GOR - R_s) \bigg] \, q_O }
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Y_w=\frac{q_W}{q_W + q_O} \rightarrow \frac{q_O}{q_W} = \frac{1-Y_w}{Y_w} \rightarrow q_W =  \frac{Y_w}{1-Y_w} \, q_O
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VRR =  \frac{q_{WI}}{q_O} \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{Y_w}{1-Y_w}  + \bigg[ \frac{B_o}{B_w}  + \frac{B_g}{B_w} \, ( GOR - R_s) \bigg] } =
\frac{q_{WI}}{q_O} \cdot \frac{1-Y_w}{Y_w  + (1-Y_w) \, \bigg[ \frac{B_o}{B_w}  + \frac{B_g}{B_w} \, ( GOR - R_s) \bigg] }
LaTeX Math Block
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PIR=\frac{q_O}{q_{WI}} = \frac{1}{VRR} \cdot \frac{1-Y_w}{Y_w  + (1-Y_w) \, \bigg[ \frac{B_o}{B_w}  + \frac{B_g}{B_w} \, ( GOR - R_s) \bigg] }

 ›   PRIME Diagnostics

titlePRIME Sample Cases

Sample Case 1 – Natural Depletion Reservoir

Sample Case 2 – Waterflood Sector Analysis

Sample Case 3 – Oil Producer Analysis

Sample Case 4 – Water Injector Analysis

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