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The CRM is trained over historical records of production rates, injection rates and bottom-hole pressure variation.

The major assumptions in CRM model are:

  • productivity index of producers stays constant in time

  • drainage volume of producers-injectors system is finite and constant in time

  • total formation-fluid compressibility stays constant in time


Application

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  • Assess current production performance

    • current distribution of recovery against expectations

    • current status and trends of recovery against expectations

    • current status and trends of reservoir depletion against expectations
       
    • current status and trends of water flood efficiency against expectations

    • compare performance of different wells or different groups of wells 

  • Identify and prioritize surveillance opportunities

  • Identify and prioritize redevelopment opportunities

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LaTeX Math Block
anchorIYYPU
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\tau = \frac{\beta}{J} = \frac{c_t  V_\phi}{J}

where

LaTeX Math Inline
bodyc_t

total formation-fluid compressibility

LaTeX Math Inline
bodyV_\phi = \phi \, V_R

drainable reservoir volume

LaTeX Math Inline
bodyV_R

total rock volume within the drainage area

LaTeX Math Inline
body\phi

average effective reservoir porosity

LaTeX Math Inline
bodyJ

total fluid productivity index


Total formation compressibility is a linear sum of reservoir/fluid components:

LaTeX Math Block
anchorc_t
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c_t = c_r +  s_w c_w + s_o  c_w + s_g c_g

where

LaTeX Math Inline
bodyc_r

rock compressibility

LaTeX Math Inline
bodyc_w, \, c_o, \, c_g

water, oil, gas compressibilities

LaTeX Math Inline
bodys_w, \, s_o, \, s_g

water, oil, gas formation saturations




Panel
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Expand
titleDerivation

The first assumption of CRM is that productivity index of producers stays constant in time:

LaTeX Math Block
anchorJ
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J = \frac{q_{\uparrow}(t)}{p_r(t) - p_{wf}(t)} = \rm const

which can re-written as explicit formula for formation pressure:

LaTeX Math Block
anchorp_r
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p_r(t) = p_{wf}(t) + J^{-1} q_{\uparrow}(t)


The second assumption is that drainage volume of producers-injectors system is finite and constant in time:

LaTeX Math Block
anchor1
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V_\phi = V_{rocks} \phi = \rm const


The third assumption is that total formation-fluid compressibility stays constant in time:

LaTeX Math Block
anchor4XNCY
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c_t \equiv \frac{1}{V_{\phi}} \cdot \frac{dV_{\phi}}{dp} = \frac{1}{V_{\phi}} \cdot \frac{1}{p_i - p_r(t) } \cdot \Bigg[ \int_0^t q_{\uparrow}(\tau) d\tau - f \int_0^t q_{\downarrow}(\tau) d\tau  \Bigg] = \rm const

where

LaTeX Math Inline
bodyp_i
– field-average initial formation pressure,
LaTeX Math Inline
bodyp_r(t)
– field-average formation pressure at time moment
LaTeX Math Inline
bodyt
,


The last equation can be rewritten as:

LaTeX Math Block
anchor4XNCY
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\int_0^t q_{\uparrow}(\tau) d\tau - f \int_0^t q_{\downarrow}(\tau) d\tau = c_t \, V_\phi \, [p_i - p_r(t)]

and differentiated

LaTeX Math Block
anchor4XNCY
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q_{\uparrow}(\tau) d\tau - f q_{\downarrow}(\tau) d\tau = - c_t \, V_\phi \, \frac{d p_r(t)}{d t}

and substituting

LaTeX Math Inline
bodyp_r(t)
from productivity equation
LaTeX Math Block Reference
anchorp_r
:

LaTeX Math Block
anchor4XNCY
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q_{\uparrow}(\tau) d\tau - f q_{\downarrow}(\tau) d\tau = - c_t \, V_\phi \, \bigg[ \frac{d p_{wf}(t)}{d t} + J^{-1} \frac{d q_{\uparrow}}{d t} \bigg]

which leads to

LaTeX Math Block Reference
anchorCRMST
.


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