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• tubing head pressure which is set by gathering system or injection pump
  
  
• wellbore design
  
  
• pump characterisits
  
  
• fluid friction with tubing /casing walls
  
  
• interfacial phase slippage
  
  
• heat exchange between wellbore fluid and surrounding rocks

Stationary Temperature Model

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In stationary conditions are defined as  

This happens during the long-term (days & weeks) production/injection or long-term (days & weeks)  shut-in.

The temperature dynamic equation 

\bigg( \sum_{a = \{w,o,g \}} \rho_\alpha \ c_{p \alpha} \ \mathbf{u}_\alpha \bigg) \  \nabla T 
  =  \delta({\bf r}) \, T  \sum_{a = \{w,o,g \}} \rho_\alpha \ c_{p \alpha} q_\alpha

References

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